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Taiwan Colors Music
Co; Ltd.
ENGLISH¡ý¤é¥»»y

Indie Dreams Of 43 Chang And TCM
Over the last few years, Taiwan has seen the gradual
emergence of a musical fashion for non-mainstream
and independent labels. Of these labels, Taiwan
Colors Music (TCM) has gained special attention
because it released an album from Pau-dull, who won
a Golden Melody award for best male performer, as
well as sponsors the extraordinarily popular Ho-Hai-Yan
Rock Festival that takes place in Taipei County's
Kungliao each summer.
TCM's location in Taipei's Shetzu Island
neighborhood seems to symbolize its market
positioning of being not far from the center and yet
having a fringe character. Beside the half-hidden
door of the company's offices is a gaudy betel nut
stand, a perfect complement to the company's own
rough-hewn and localized eccentricity.
"My hometown is Yunlin, notorious for producing
gangsters. And the indie music business requires a
gangster's incisive approach, as well as music with
personality, to stay at the leading edge of musical
fashion. So that's why TCM's Chinese name uses the
term for 'kingpin,'" says TCM founder 43 Zhang (aka
Zhang Yi-ping, Chang Yi-ping, or 43 Chang), a
cigarette dangling from his mouth.
Down-to-earth, and yet occasionally flashing a sly
look, Zhang once worked as a corporate planner in a
mainstream record company. "I handled albums by
Huang Yi-ling and Liao Jun, both of which sold
poorly," he says. After his stint there, he ran an
underground radio station for a short time, and
finally decided to return to his original calling,
the record business, establishing TCM in 1998.
Indie records with punch
"What we want to do is run an independent
label-independent in every sense. Our music and the
way we operate are different from what you find in a
mainstream company," he says. In the six years since
its founding, TCM has released more than 30 works,
from artists including Hokkien, Hakka, Aboriginal,
and Ryukyu Island native artists, and even
foreigners living in Taiwan. In terms of musical
style, the company's offerings run the gamut from
folk, rock and underground groups to theatrical
music and movie soundtracks. The label has even
released three albums of radio promos which feature
tacky, ribald humor that strikes a populist chord.
"Nestled against the blue sea and sky, I am at ease,
so satisfied to have this moment," goes a paean to
the sea by TCM Aboriginal singer Pau-dull. TCM's
music ranges from Pau-dull's revivalist folk to
Clipper's eclectic theatrical rock. Or it could be
the joke- and rant-filled monologues of Kaohsiung
motorcycle mechanic and talk-show host Hing Chun.
"Your graceful figure, your perfume... I cannot live
without you! Long Life cigarettes? No! 'Premature
Death' is more like it. I hate you! For each
cigarette smoked, life is cut short one minute."
Covering a diverse range of styles, a cacophony of
voices-it's all because TCM's goal is to bring
together as much of contemporary Taiwan's range of
divergent and diverse voices as they can. "I want to
prove that records can also be a documentary of the
times," pronounces Zhang.
Just after he founded the company, Zhang borrowed
NT$4 million, investing NT$2 million in TCM's own
recording studio. "At the beginning, everyone was
skeptical about the need to build our own recording
studio. However, everything that's happened since
then has proved that building it was the right
choice. That's especially true for non-mainstream
musicians, who have a more freewheeling style. They
usually need more recording time to create good
music than mainstream artists need. Outside
recording studios charge by the hour, and that often
makes for rushed sessions. For a non-mainstream
label, using those studios is not only costly, but
the stuff that's recorded doesn't sound natural."
A recording process that pursues a natural feel and
that respects the creative process is also reflected
in the flexible work attitude. In 1999, to help an
unknown Aboriginal policeman from Taitung to release
a record, TCM staff made a special trip to Taitung
to record him-simply because "that was the place
where he felt most comfortable and could faithfully
express himself." That album of originals titled The
Ocean unexpectedly won a Golden Melody award,
defeating mainstream singers such as Jacky Cheung
and Lee Hom, turning Pau-dull into Best Male
Performer at that year's Golden Melody Awards.
A partnership with musicians
Something else that's special about TCM is that it
does not use the long-term contracts of mainstream
record companies. "Signing long-term contracts ends
up restricting the singer's development. And
besides, we don't have the capability to take care
of them long-term," says Zhang. Therefore, TCM only
signs a one-off contract for each time a singer
releases a work. "The substance of the contract and
the singer's royalty has to be spelled out clearly.
Just because we're non-mainstream doesn't mean we
can treat people unfairly."
If a singer hits it big, mainstream record companies
will try to sign him or her up. "That's all right. I
will sincerely express my hope that they will have a
better opportunity for growth. What TCM can do is to
help musicians who are interested in releasing an
album to leave a precious document of their life.
TCM and musicians are basically partners."
Zhang believes that this cooperative approach is
quite significant for non-mainstream artists. "Many
people like the album that we released for the
singer Panai, but they don't know that a mainstream
record company once had her signed for eight years,
but weren't willing to release a single album. How
many eight-year periods can a person throw away in a
lifetime?"
Individuality plus teamwork
Currently, TCM's aim is to release six albums a
year. For some projects, TCM handles
everything-planning, recording, mixing, and
post-production. Examples include albums by Pau-dull
and Samin-gad. In others TCM gets a master tape that
the musicians have recorded on their own, and then
is responsible only for handling follow-up work such
as design, graphics, release, and publicity.
Examples of this approach include the latest
releases from the Hohak Band and LTK.
Chen Guanyu, leader of the Hohak Band, which just
released an album through TCM, and once a member of
the Labor Exchange Band, says, "When I was with
Labor Exchange we had to do everything ourselves.
After recording the music, there was still a lot of
administrative work, publicity, and distribution to
deal with, which was quite a burden on the band. Now
with a professional independent label like TCM that
can handle packaging, graphic design, distribution,
and marketing, indie musicians can concentrate on
creative work."
This division of labor between the creative people
focusing on getting the music right, and the
specialists taking care of the follow-up details has
gradually become popular at indie music labels over
the past few years. However, none can beat TCM's
strong distribution channels, the dazzling artwork,
and big-literally-packaging.
In-your-face packaging
TCM's advantage in distribution and packaging didn't
simply appear out of nowhere. When he first started
the company, Zhang came up with all manner of tricks
to give the new brand exposure. "I previously worked
in the mainstream record industry, so I knew very
well how important distribution is," he says. In
order to break into the market, he personally made
sales visits to record shops all over Taiwan.
"Although it was tiring, the results were good. Now
you can see our releases in most record stores," he
adds.
However, even when they are willing to stock indie
recordings, record shops have usually placed
non-mainstream works in less conspicuous locations.
Thus, Zhang's second trick was to make a break from
most people's conception of a CD by deliberately
using a box with the same 24 x 24-centimeter
dimensions as the album sleeve for a traditional
vinyl record. Zhang says in a self-satisfied tone,
"Making them that big meant the record shops had no
choice but to put them someplace prominent, and
shoppers can't avoid seeing them whether they want
to or not." Zhang's unconventional approach enabled
TCM to get a dedicated display rack at many shops,
treatment that even mainstream records can't
necessarily obtain.
What most excites music-lovers about TCM are its
exquisite print design and magazine CD concept. "I
have always loved reading magazines, so I turned
albums into magazine CDs, with lots of text and
illustrations to add depth to the product," explains
Zhang.
When most mainstream record companies are planning a
new release, they limit the function of the booklet
text and art design to spotlighting the singer.
However, in TCM releases, the text might be
literature and the art design may be a distinctive
creative work-related to the album but with a life
of their own.
In terms of artistic expression, TCM's works are
chiefly the creations of designer Hsiao Ching-yang.
Like Zhang, he once worked in the mainstream record
industry. But only in the indie music arena has he
been able to find the space to give free rein to his
ideas.
"When I am working on an album for TCM, our workshop
operates independently, and TCM doesn't interfere at
all," Hsiao says. He therefore treats each cover he
does for TCM as one of his own autonomous works of
art, putting effort into conveying a distinctive
Taiwanese visual style that maintains indigenous
characteristics yet is also able to reflect an
awareness of international artistic trends.
Just as Zhang wants to preserve the various sounds
of our times, Hsiao hopes that his own works can
convey a visual memory of a particular era. For a
local indie compilation album released in 2001,
Hsiao drew on the television drama Dragon in Flight
that was so popular at the time as his inspiration
for a cover that showed his naked son in the pose of
an acrobatic fighter, mimicking a character from the
drama. When he was doing a design for an album by
talk show host Hing Chun, given the latter's style
of earthy humor and rants, Hsiao brought in protest
celebrity Ko Tzu-hai, to accentuate the album's
jarring sense of the times.
A force behind music festivals
Since 2000, TCM and the Taipei County Government
have jointly organized the Ho-Hai-Yan Rock Festival
in Kungliao each summer. Billed as a large
international music festival for indie groups and
creative artists, the first time attendance was only
around 1000, but it has since evolved into an
extravagant musical pilgrimage, drawing 300,000
people last year.
The success of Ho-Hai-Yan reflects a change in
consumer habits. Whereas concerts organized by
mainstream companies have always been just tools to
market their stable of pop idol singers, backed by
"bands" of studio players, both government and
privately run concerts are increasingly attracting
crowds by featuring creative innovators and bands
that make their own original music.
It is against this background that TCM has in recent
years begun to organize a large number of various
musical festivals. Besides the most successful of
these, the Ho-Hai-Yan Rock Festival, TCM's has also
been involved in events such as the Taiwan
Performing Arts Fair, which was put on for the first
time this year in Kaohsiung's Wei-wuying area; the
Festival of Austronesian Cultures in Taitung; and
the Taipei Arts Festival.
"Reflecting prevailing trends, about 70% of TCM's
revenues are drawn from events like music festivals,
while our original business of records accounts for
only about 30%. As for future trends, the CD market
will only continue to contract," laments Zhang, "so
having an auxiliary line of business to complement
your main one is essential."
As for Ho-Hai-Yan, Zhang is considering the sale of
admission tickets for the future, as well as
strengthening the festival's thematic message. Zhang
notes, "The Ho-Hai-Yan Rock Festival can evolve into
a musical festival with an environmental, political,
or issues-oriented theme, become financially
self-reliant, and get rid of its government-run
overtones. That's the only way to maintain the indie
rock spirit."
Indie music's long march
In the six years since it was founded, TCM has
become Taiwan's largest independent label. Looking
to the future, Zhang says he will continue to
cultivate the music festival market, and revenues
from festivals will be funneled back into recording
and production of CDs.
As for the prospects for indie music, Zhang believes
that there is great scope for development overseas.
"However, if you want to go global, you have to
first have enough indigenous color, so that your
product will have something distinctive that appeals
to foreigners. That's the only way to open overseas
markets," he explains. Work like that of the Hohak
Band, or the new album from Aboriginal singer
Samingad that will be heavily promoted in Europe
next year, fall into this category.
In 1999, 43 Zhang wrote in TCM's founding statement:
"We have come far from delusions and ostentation,
far from hegemony, and begun to search for musical
kingpins in the dream that has Taiwan as its axis."
How the musical saga that began in Taiwan with TCM
will unfold is something that everyone interested in
pop music should care about. "Whatever happens,"
says Zhang breezily, "indie music's moment has
arrived. As labels proliferate, TCM will not be
advancing alone."
Write*Chang Shih-lun August 2005


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